如何创建:自定义选择菜单
学习如何使用 CSS 和 JavaScript 创建自定义选择框。
自定义选择框
默认:
自定义:
创建自定义选择菜单
第一步 - 添加 HTML:
<!-- 用 "custom-select" DIV 元素包围 select 框。记得设置宽度: --> <div class="custom-select" style="width:200px;"> <select> <option value="0">Select car:</option> <option value="1">Audi</option> <option value="2">BMW</option> <option value="3">Citroen</option> <option value="4">Ford</option> <option value="5">Honda</option> <option value="6">Jaguar</option> <option value="7">Land Rover</option> <option value="8">Mercedes</option> <option value="9">Mini</option> <option value="10">Nissan</option> <option value="11">Toyota</option> <option value="12">Volvo</option> </select> </div>
第二步 - 添加 CSS:
/* 容器必须相对定位: */ .custom-select { position: relative; font-family: Arial; } .custom-select select { display: none; /* 隐藏原始 SELECT 元素: */ } .select-selected { background-color: DodgerBlue; } /* 设置选择元素内箭头的样式: */ .select-selected:after { position: absolute; content: ""; top: 14px; right: 10px; width: 0; height: 0; border: 6px solid transparent; border-color: #fff transparent transparent transparent; } /* 当选择框打开(活动)时,将箭头指向上方: */ .select-selected.select-arrow-active:after { border-color: transparent transparent #fff transparent; top: 7px; } /* 设置项目(选项)的样式,包括所选项目: */ .select-items div,.select-selected { color: #ffffff; padding: 8px 16px; border: 1px solid transparent; border-color: transparent transparent rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1) transparent; cursor: pointer; } /* 设置项目(选项)的样式: */ .select-items { position: absolute; background-color: DodgerBlue; top: 100%; left: 0; right: 0; z-index: 99; } /* 关闭选择框时隐藏项目: */ .select-hide { display: none; } .select-items div:hover, .same-as-selected { background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1); }
第三步 - 添加 JavaScript:
var x, i, j, l, ll, selElmnt, a, b, c; /* 查找任何带有 "custom-select" 类的元素: */ x = document.getElementsByClassName("custom-select"); l = x.length; for (i = 0; i < l; i++) { selElmnt = x[i].getElementsByTagName("select")[0]; ll = selElmnt.length; /* 对于每个元素,创建一个新的 DIV,它将作为所选项目: */ a = document.createElement("DIV"); a.setAttribute("class", "select-selected"); a.innerHTML = selElmnt.options[selElmnt.selectedIndex].innerHTML; x[i].appendChild(a); /* 对于每个元素,创建一个新的 DIV,它将包含选项列表: */ b = document.createElement("DIV"); b.setAttribute("class", "select-items select-hide"); for (j = 1; j < ll; j++) { /* 对于原始 select 元素中的每个选项,创建一个新的 DIV,它将作为选项项目: */ c = document.createElement("DIV"); c.innerHTML = selElmnt.options[j].innerHTML; c.addEventListener("click", function(e) { /* When an item is clicked, update the original select box, and the selected item: */ var y, i, k, s, h, sl, yl; s = this.parentNode.parentNode.getElementsByTagName("select")[0]; sl = s.length; h = this.parentNode.previousSibling; for (i = 0; i < sl; i++) { if (s.options[i].innerHTML == this.innerHTML) { s.selectedIndex = i; h.innerHTML = this.innerHTML; y = this.parentNode.getElementsByClassName("same-as-selected"); yl = y.length; for (k = 0; k < yl; k++) { y[k].removeAttribute("class"); } this.setAttribute("class", "same-as-selected"); break; } } h.click(); }); b.appendChild(c); } x[i].appendChild(b); a.addEventListener("click", function(e) { /* 当选择框被点击时,关闭任何其他选择框,并打开/关闭当前选择框: */ e.stopPropagation(); closeAllSelect(this); this.nextSibling.classList.toggle("select-hide"); this.classList.toggle("select-arrow-active"); }); } function closeAllSelect(elmnt) { /* 将关闭文档中所有选择框的函数,除了当前的选择框: */ var x, y, i, xl, yl, arrNo = []; x = document.getElementsByClassName("select-items"); y = document.getElementsByClassName("select-selected"); xl = x.length; yl = y.length; for (i = 0; i < yl; i++) { if (elmnt == y[i]) { arrNo.push(i) } else { y[i].classList.remove("select-arrow-active"); } } for (i = 0; i < xl; i++) { if (arrNo.indexOf(i)) { x[i].classList.add("select-hide"); } } } /* 如果用户单击选择框之外的任意位置,则关闭所有选择框: */ document.addEventListener("click", closeAllSelect);